Baker’s Cyst: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Reviewed By – Dr. Sameer Gohir
PhD, MSc, PG Cert MSK ultrasound, PG Cert. Non-Medical Prescribing, MCSP, MAPPN

What Is Baker’s Cyst?

A Baker’s cyst, also known as a popliteal cyst, is a fluid-filled sac that forms at the back of the knee. It occurs when excess synovial fluid builds up in the bursa behind the knee joint, leading to swelling and discomfort. While this condition may be asymptomatic, it can also cause a feeling of fullness or tightness in the knee.

If swelling or discomfort from a Baker’s cyst is affecting your daily activities, expert help is within reach. With clinics near Kent and Essex, Joint Injection Clinic offers advanced treatments to reduce swelling and ease knee pain effectively.

Schedule your consultation now!
Baker’s Cyst Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Common Causes of Baker’s Cyst

Baker’s cysts typically arise due to underlying issues within the knee, including:

  • Arthritis: Conditions like osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis lead to inflammation in the knee joint, which causes increased synovial fluid production.
  • Meniscus Tears: Damage to the knee’s cartilage can result in fluid accumulation.
  • Ligament Injuries: Injuries such as an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear can also precipitate the formation of a cyst.
  • Joint Conditions: Other degenerative conditions affecting knee health can contribute to the development of Baker’s cysts.

For some individuals, especially children, Baker’s cysts may form without any identifiable cause.

Symptoms of Baker’s Cyst

Many Baker’s cysts are discovered incidentally during imaging for other reasons. When symptoms do occur, they can include:

  • A visible lump or swelling behind the knee.
  • Knee pain and discomfort.
  • Stiffness, particularly when extending the leg.
  • Swelling that may extend into the lower leg.

If the cyst bursts, it can result in sudden pain and swelling in the calf area, which should prompt immediate medical attention.

Treatment Options

Treatment for a Baker’s cyst often depends on the severity of symptoms and the underlying cause. Possible approaches include:

Non-Surgical Treatment for Baker’s Cyst

  • Observation: Many Baker’s cysts resolve without treatment. Monitoring is often advised.
  • Activity Modification: Reducing physical activity, especially high-impact exercises, can relieve symptoms.
  • Pain Relief: Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen, are used to alleviate pain and swelling.
  • Ice Application: Applying ice packs to the knee for 10-20 minutes can help reduce swelling.
  • Knee Support: Using a knee brace or support may provide additional stability and comfort.

Advanced Treatment Options for Baker’s Cyst

  • Corticosteroid Injections: Injecting steroid medications into the knee can help reduce inflammation and swelling around the cyst.
  • Aspiration: If the cyst is causing significant symptoms, a healthcare provider may perform a procedure to drain the fluid from the cyst using a needle.

Surgical Options for Baker’s Cyst

Surgery is rarely needed but may be considered if conservative treatments fail. Procedures include:

  • Arthroscopy: A minimally invasive surgery where the surgeon uses a small camera to assess and repair any underlying joint issues, such as a meniscus tear.
  • Cyst Excision: In rare cases, the cyst may be surgically removed if it is large or causes significant problems.

Conclusion

Baker’s cysts can occur as a result of various knee joint conditions, most commonly linked to arthritis or injuries. Treatment is primarily focused on managing symptoms and addressing any underlying issues. Many cases resolve naturally, but if symptoms persist, medical intervention may be necessary to provide relief. If you experience significant pain or swelling, consult a healthcare provider for a tailored management plan.

Get Help for Baker’s Cyst at Joint Injection Clinic

If a Baker’s cyst is causing knee swelling, stiffness, or discomfort when bending your knee, you don’t have to manage it alone. At Joint Injection Clinic, our experienced team provides evidence-based treatments to relieve swelling and improve knee function.

We welcome patients at all three of our clinics:

Dartford Clinic – ideal for those in Kent and South East London

Address: Unit 30, 1st Floor, The Base Dartford Business Park, Victoria Road, Dartford, DA1 5FS.

Romford Clinic – easily accessible from Essex and Greater London

Address: Room no 8, Alliance Office Space 2-4 Eastern Road, Romford, Essex, RM1 3PJ.

Canterbury Clinic – serving East Kent and surrounding areas

Address: 12-17 Upper Bridge Street, Canterbury, CT1 2NF, United Kingdom.


From ultrasound-guided targeted injections to individualised physiotherapy plans, our specialists can help you manage swelling and discomfort effectively, allowing you to return to your normal activities with confidence.

Schedule your consultation now!