Midfoot Osteoarthritis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Reviewed By – Dr. Sameer Gohir
PhD, MSc, PG Cert MSK ultrasound, PG Cert. Non-Medical Prescribing, MCSP, MAPPN

What Is Midfoot Osteoarthritis?

Midfoot osteoarthritis is a degenerative condition affecting the small joints in the midfoot, particularly the tarsometatarsal (TMT) and naviculo-cuneiform joints. It can result in pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility in the midfoot area, impacting daily activities, walking, and overall quality of life.

If midfoot pain or stiffness from osteoarthritis is affecting your daily activities or walking comfort, you don’t have to manage it alone. With clinics near Kent and Essex, Joint Injection Clinic offers advanced treatments to help relieve pain and improve foot mobility.

Schedule your consultation now!

Common Causes of Midfoot Osteoarthritis

Several factors contribute to the development of midfoot osteoarthritis:

  • Post-Traumatic Injury: Previous injuries, such as fractures or dislocations in the midfoot region, can predispose individuals to arthritis in those joints. Lisfranc injuries, where the metatarsal bones are displaced from the tarsal bones, are particularly significant.
  • Age-Related Degeneration: As people age, the cartilage that cushions the joints can deteriorate naturally, leading to osteoarthritis in the midfoot joints even without previous injury.
  • Repetitive Stress: Engaging in high-impact activities or sports without proper conditioning may subject the midfoot to excessive wear and tear, contributing to degenerative changes.
  • Biomechanical Factors: Abnormal foot structures, such as flat feet (pes planus) or rigid high arches, can put extra stress on the midfoot, increasing the likelihood of arthritis development.
  • Rheumatoid Arthritis: This autoimmune condition can manifest in multiple joints, including those in the midfoot, causing inflammation and subsequent wear of the cartilage.
  • Tibialis Posterior Tendon Dysfunction: Problems with this tendon, which supports the arch of the foot, can lead to changes in foot mechanics and contribute to midfoot osteoarthritis.
  • Obesity: Excess body weight places additional stress on foot joints, including the midfoot, increasing the risk of developing arthritis.

Symptoms of Midfoot Osteoarthritis

Individuals with midfoot osteoarthritis may experience:

  • Pain and Discomfort: A dull, aching pain in the midfoot that may worsen with activity or prolonged standing.
  • Swelling: Noticeable swelling in the midfoot area during or after activities.
  • Stiffness: Limited flexibility in the midfoot, especially when waking in the morning or after sitting for extended periods.
  • Tenderness: Sensitivity to touch over the midfoot joints, which can make wearing certain shoes uncomfortable.
  • Changes in Foot Shape: Possible flattening of the foot arch over time, leading to a noticeable change in foot appearance.

How Is Ankle Osteoarthritis Diagnosed?

Diagnosing midfoot osteoarthritis typically involves:

  • Medical History: Discussion of symptoms, previous injuries, and general health.
  • Physical Examination: Assessment of the midfoot for tenderness, swelling, and the range of motion.
  • Imaging Tests: X-rays are commonly used to evaluate joint space narrowing and other degenerative changes. In some cases, a CT scan or MRI may be necessary for a detailed view of the joints and surrounding structures.

Treatment Options

Non-Surgical Treatment for Midfoot Osteoarthritis

Most cases of midfoot osteoarthritis are treated non-surgically:

  • Activity Modifications: Avoiding high-impact activities and modifying daily routines to reduce stress on the midfoot.
  • Physiotherapy: A physical therapist can develop a tailored exercise program to strengthen the foot and ankle, improve flexibility, and provide strategies to manage pain.
  • Footwear Modifications: Wearing shoes with a stiff sole and a wider toe box can help alleviate pressure on the midfoot. Specialty shoes or orthotics may also provide additional support.
  • Cold and Heat Therapy: Applying ice packs can help reduce inflammation, while heat can relieve stiffness and discomfort.
  • Medication: Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can reduce pain and swelling. Prescription medications may be considered for more severe symptoms.
  • Injections: Corticosteroid injections may be administered directly into the midfoot joints to provide temporary relief from inflammation and pain.

Advanced Treatment Options for Midfoot Osteoarthritis

If conservative treatments do not provide sufficient relief, further options may include:

  • Surgical Interventions: If pain persists despite non-surgical management, surgical options such as arthrodesis (joint fusion) may be recommended. This procedure eliminates pain by fusing the affected joints together, providing stability while reducing discomfort.
  • Arthroscopy: Minimally invasive surgery to remove loose cartilage or bone spurs that may be causing pain in the midfoot.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with midfoot osteoarthritis varies based on symptom severity and treatment adherence. Many people find relief with conservative measures, while others may require surgical intervention for lasting results. Early diagnosis and proactive treatment can significantly improve quality of life.

Prevention Tips

To reduce the risk of developing midfoot osteoarthritis:

  • Maintain a Healthy Weight: Reducing body weight can minimize stress on the midfoot joints.
  • Engage in Low-Impact Exercise: Activities like swimming and cycling can help maintain fitness without putting excessive strain on the midfoot.
  • Invest in Proper Footwear: Choose supportive shoes that fit well and provide adequate cushioning for daily activities and exercise.

Conclusion

Midfoot osteoarthritis can cause significant discomfort and affect one’s daily activities. Understanding its causes, recognizing symptoms, and following effective treatment protocols are essential for managing this condition and maintaining mobility. If you experience persistent midfoot pain, consult a healthcare professional for a thorough assessment and tailored treatment plan.

Get Help for Midfoot Osteoarthritis at Joint Injection Clinic

If midfoot osteoarthritis is causing pain, stiffness, or difficulty walking, you don’t have to manage it alone. At Joint Injection Clinic, our experienced team provides evidence-based treatments to reduce foot pain, improve mobility, and support your daily activities.

We welcome patients at all three of our clinics:

Dartford Clinic – ideal for those in Kent and South East London

Address: Unit 30, 1st Floor, The Base Dartford Business Park, Victoria Road, Dartford, DA1 5FS.

Romford Clinic – easily accessible from Essex and Greater London

Address: Room no 8, Alliance Office Space 2-4 Eastern Road, Romford, Essex, RM1 3PJ.

Canterbury Clinic – serving East Kent and surrounding areas

Address: 12-17 Upper Bridge Street, Canterbury, CT1 2NF, United Kingdom.


From ultrasound-guided diagnostic scans and targeted injections to tailored physiotherapy and rehabilitation plans, our specialists can help you manage foot pain effectively and return to your usual activities with confidence.

Schedule your consultation now!